站内信息全文搜索是现代互联网应用的必备组件之一，实现方案也很多，比如Sphinx、Solr、ElasticSearch等等。

我今天介绍的是一种最简单最快速的方法来实现中文全文搜索。具体方案是使用Sphinx搜索引擎配合N-Grams算法。这种方案的优点就是配置简单、运行高效，无需复杂的中文分词程序库，无需到处寻找词典词库，创建索引也是无与伦比的快速。搜索结果质量也还可以（不要试图与专业的分词搜索系统对比），适合弥补企业搜索业务“从无到有”这一阶段的空白。

以下安装过程的环境为CentOS 6 X86_64系统。

一、下载安装最新版本Sphinx RPM安装包：

rpm -ivh http://sphinxsearch.com/files/sphinx-2.1.3-1.rhel6.x86_64.rpm

二、配置文件（/etc/sphinx/sphinx.conf）：

source comment
{
    type              = mysql
    sql_host        = hostname
    sql_user        = user
    sql_pass        = pass
    sql_db           = database
    sql_port         = 3306
    sql_query_pre = SET NAMES utf8
    sql_query = select id, sku, comment, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(UpDT) as date_added  from UserCmt
    sql_attr_uint        = sku
    sql_attr_timestamp   = date_added
}

index cmt
{
    source             = comment
    path                = /var/lib/sphinx/okaybuy_cmt
    docinfo            = extern

    charset_type     = utf-8
    ngram_chars      = U+3400..U+4DB5, U+4E00..U+9FA5, U+20000..U+2A6D6,U+4E00..U+9FBB, U+3400..U+4DB5, U+20000..U+2A6D6, U+FA0E, U+FA0F, U+FA11, U+FA13, U+FA14, U+FA1F, U+FA21, U+FA23, U+FA24, U+FA27, U+FA28, U+FA29, U+3105..U+312C, U+31A0..U+31B7, U+3041, U+3043, U+3045, U+3047, U+3049, U+304B, U+304D, U+304F, U+3051, U+3053, U+3055, U+3057, U+3059, U+305B, U+305D, U+305F, U+3061, U+3063, U+3066, U+3068, U+306A..U+306F, U+3072, U+3075, U+3078, U+307B, U+307E..U+3083, U+3085, U+3087, U+3089..U+308E, U+3090..U+3093, U+30A1, U+30A3, U+30A5, U+30A7, U+30A9, U+30AD, U+30AF, U+30B3, U+30B5, U+30BB, U+30BD, U+30BF, U+30C1, U+30C3, U+30C4, U+30C6, U+30CA, U+30CB, U+30CD, U+30CE, U+30DE, U+30DF, U+30E1, U+30E2, U+30E3, U+30E5, U+30E7, U+30EE, U+30F0..U+30F3, U+30F5, U+30F6, U+31F0, U+31F1, U+31F2, U+31F3, U+31F4, U+31F5, U+31F6, U+31F7, U+31F8, U+31F9, U+31FA, U+31FB, U+31FC, U+31FD, U+31FE, U+31FF, U+AC00..U+D7A3, U+1100..U+1159, U+1161..U+11A2, U+11A8..U+11F9, U+A000..U+A48C, U+A492..U+A4C6
    ngram_len        = 1    
}

indexer
{
    mem_limit        = 512M
}

searchd
{
    listen            = 127.0.0.1:9312
    listen            = 9306:mysql41
    log                = /var/log/sphinx/searchd.log
    query_log       = /var/log/sphinx/query.log
    read_timeout  = 5
    max_children   = 30
    pid_file           = /var/run/sphinx/searchd.pid
    max_matches   = 1000
    seamless_rotate        = 1
    preopen_indexes        = 1
    unlink_old        = 1
    workers            = threads # for RT to work
    binlog_path        = /var/lib/sphinx
}

中文搜索的关键部分在于ngram_chars和ngram_len配置，其他配置选项请根据自己应用的情况进行调整。

三、创建索引

indexer --all --rotate

四、启动搜索引擎

service searchd start

五、测试搜索：

search 中文关键词

如果运行一切正常并且搜索结果也让你满意，那么恭喜你，搜索系统可以上线了。

参考文档：

http://sphinxsearch.com/docs/2.1.3/

http://www.ivinco.com/blog/using-sphinx-search-engine-with-chinese-japanese-and-korean-language-documents/

还是用solr吧，谁用谁知道。

o(∩∩)o...哈哈，同意楼上的观点，：）